In the fields of industrial manufacturing and surface treatment, the steel shot blasting machine is core equipment that is highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and precise. They are widely used in processes such as rust removal, oxide scale removal, surface strengthening, and pretreatment. As an essential piece of equipment for mechanical surface treatment, it has replaced traditional pickling and manual grinding, becoming standard equipment in industries such as steel structures, casting, automobiles, and shipbuilding. Want to know more? Contact us now!
Steel Shot Blasting Machine Technical Parameter
| Item | YG376 | YG376B | YG378 | YG3710 | YG3720 | YG3730 | YG3750 | YG37100 |
| Maximum weight of cleaning(KG) | 500 | 600 | 800 | 1000 | 2000 | 3000 | 5000 | 10000 |
| Clean the workpiece size(mm) | 600*1200 | 700*1200 | 1000*1600 | 1200*1800 | 1400*2200 | 1600*2300 | 1800*2500 | 3000*3000 |
| Shot blasting amount (kg/min) | 2*200 | 2*200 | 2*250 | 2*250 | 3*250 | 3*250 | 4*250 | 5*250 |
| Lift (T/h) | 24 | 24 | 30 | 30 | 45 | 45 | 60 | 75 |
| Separator separation amount (T/h) | 24 | 24 | 30 | 30 | 45 | 45 | 60 | 75 |
| Power (KW) | 22.5 | 23.5 | 39.65 | 47.5 | 56.2 | 65.45 | 85.45 | 97.65 |
| Ventilation(m3/h) | 4000 | 4000 | 5000 | 5000 | 9000 | 11000 | 14000 | 16000 |
Definition and Composition of Steel Shot Blasting Machines
A steel shot blasting machine is a specialized surface treatment device that utilizes the centrifugal force generated by a high-speed rotating impeller to accelerate and densely project steel shot, cast steel grit, or other projectiles onto the surface of a workpiece, achieving cleaning, strengthening, and a matte finish. Its core functions include rust removal, oxide scale removal, deburring, surface stress strengthening, and roughness pretreatment.
A steel shot blasting machine mainly consists of a shot blasting motor, an electrical control box, a travel motor, a directional sleeve, a shot blasting wheel, and a material feeding hopper. The dust collector comprises a fan, air compressor, filtration system, and dust storage system, forming a closed-loop operation process of “blasting—recovery—purification—circulation.” Shot blasting machines can be classified according to their load-bearing structure into crawler type, hook type, through type, and trolley type, respectively suitable for different scenarios such as small batch production, large heavy-duty production, and continuous production lines.
Working Principle of Steel Shot Blasting Machine
The core principle of a steel shot blasting machine is the conversion of mechanical centrifugal force into kinetic energy. Electrical energy is converted into the high-speed impact energy of the shot, achieving surface treatment through precise blasting. The entire process consists of four key stages:
- Shot Supply and Pre-acceleration: Steel shot enters the distribution wheel at the center of the blasting head via the feeding system. As the impeller rotates at high speed, it is ejected from the distribution wheel window under centrifugal force and enters the directional sleeve.
- Directional Acceleration and High-Speed Blasting: The directional sleeve controls the blasting angle (30°-60°). After exiting the opening, the shot is accelerated by the impeller blades, ultimately being blasted in a fan shape at a speed of 60-100 m/s, forming a dense “rain of bullets.”
- Surface Impact Treatment: The high-speed shot impacts the workpiece surface, removing rust, scale, weld slag, and burrs through impact force; simultaneously, it induces beneficial compressive stress on the metal surface, improving fatigue resistance and adhesion.
- Recycling, Separation and Circulation: Shot, dust and impurities are transported to the separator through the recycling system. Qualified steel shot, broken shot and dust are separated by air classification and screening. Qualified steel shot is returned to the blasting head for recycling, and dust is filtered and discharged by the dust removal system.
Core Advantages of Shot Blasting Machines
- High-efficiency processing, doubled capacity: Automated mechanization makes it 5-10 times more efficient than manual grinding and 2-3 times more efficient than sandblasting. It can operate continuously for 24 hours and is suitable for high-volume production lines. For example, a tracked shot blasting machine can process hundreds of kilograms of small parts per hour, while a through-type machine can achieve continuous cleaning of steel structure plates.
- Stable surface quality and enhanced performance: Uniform blasting without dead angles, controllable roughness (Ra 25-100μm), providing an ideal base surface for coating and electroplating; it also strengthens the metal surface, increasing the fatigue life of key components such as gears, springs, and crankshafts by 30%-50%.
- Controllable cost and durable consumables: Steel shot recycling rate exceeds 95%, requiring only periodic replenishment; no pickling agents are needed, eliminating wastewater treatment costs, and the long-term overall operating cost is more than 40% lower than pickling.
- Green and environmentally friendly, safe and reliable: The fully enclosed operation, coupled with a pulse dust removal system, ensures dust emission concentration ≤30mg/m³, eliminating pickling wastewater and exhaust gas pollution; automated operation reduces manual contact and lowers the risk of workplace injuries.
- Highly adaptable and customizable: Handles everything from 0.5mm thin plates to heavy workpieces weighing several tons, compatible with materials such as steel, iron, aluminum, stone, and concrete; by changing the shot size (φ0.8-3mm) and adjusting the projection parameters, it can adapt to different needs such as cleaning, strengthening, and matte finishing.
Common Problems and Solutions for Steel Shot Blasting Machines
1. Severe Vibration and Excessive Noise in the Shot Blasting Machine
- Causes: Uneven impeller wear, dynamic imbalance; insufficient or damaged bearing lubrication; loose head fixing bolts; impurities mixed in with the shot.
- Solutions: Stop the machine and inspect the impeller; replace worn blades in pairs (weight difference ≤ 5g); add grease every 500 hours; replace damaged bearings promptly; tighten all connecting bolts; clean impurities from the shot to prevent hard objects from entering the head.
2. Low Shot Blasting Efficiency and Uneven Cleaning Effect
- Causes: Insufficient steel shot, excessively small particle size, or high breakage rate; misalignment of the directional sleeve, inaccurate blasting angle; blockage of the separator, poor steel shot circulation; overly dense workpiece loading, obstructing the blasting surface.
- Solution: Replenish with new steel shot, screen and remove broken shot, and select φ1.2-2.5mm steel shot to match the workpiece; adjust the directional sleeve angle to 30°-60° to ensure the jet stream covers the workpiece; clean the separator screen and optimize air separation parameters; control the workpiece loading (≤70% of chamber volume) and reserve sufficient projection space.
3. Poor dust removal effect and dust leakage
- Causes: Filter cartridge/bag blockage or aging; insufficient fan power; air leakage in the pipeline; excessive dust accumulation in the ash hopper; pulse backflushing system malfunction.
- Solution: Clean or replace clogged filter cartridges (replace when pressure difference > 1500Pa); check fan voltage and belt tension, seal any air leakage points in the pipeline; regularly empty the ash hopper; adjust the pulse backflushing interval to 10-15 seconds to ensure effective dust removal.
4. Rapid Shot Consumption and Severe Shot Leakage
- Causes: Excessive separator air velocity, drawing away qualified steel shot; poor sealing of the recovery system; excessively hard workpiece material, accelerating shot breakage; poor shot quality and insufficient hardness.
- Solutions: Reduce the separator baffle to lower the air velocity, allowing the steel shot to fall in a waterfall-like manner; inspect and repair the seals of the chamber, elevator, and pipelines; replace high-hardness workpieces with high-chromium alloy shot; procure qualified steel shot with high hardness and good roundness.
